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От
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Skvortsov
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Юрий Житорчук
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Дата
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17.04.2012 13:10:50
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Рубрики
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WWI; 1917-1939;
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Австрия протестовала против включения Судет в Чехословакию.
>ИМХО: Идея прихватить Судеты у лидеров Чехословакии, скорее всего, родилась только в 1918 году, когда правителям Австрии было уже не до удержания земель судетских немцев в Австрии, а Германия этим не занималась, поскольку Судеты ей не принадлежали. Так де-факто Судеты были включены в Чехословакию, Версаль этот факт закрепил де-юре.
Австрийцы и к Вудро Вильсону обращались, и к чешскому руководству с просьбой не анексировать провинции Deutschböhmen, Sudetenland, Böhmerwaldgau, Südmähren с немецким населением.
Но чехи настаивали не на национальных границах, а на границах исторических королевства Богемия и маркграфства Моравия.
http://www.cas.umn.edu/assets/pdf/wp061.pdf
"... on October 30, 1918, the provisional national assembly in Vienna had appealed to President Woodrow Wilson in the following terms:
“We are convinced, Mr. President, that you will reject, after careful consideration and in accordance with your stated principles, the subjugation of 3 ½ million Germans against their will by the Czech state that would compel them to a desperate fight against foreign rule. The era of democracy in central Europe cannot begin with the subjugation of 3 ½ million people. Lasting peace cannot be based on the creation of German irredentists in the new Czechoslovak state whose calls for help to Berlin and Vienna would endanger the peace in Europe…”
It was already clear at the beginning of November 1918 that the control of sugar and coal production gave the government in Prague an advantage vis-à-vis both the newly formed German-Bohemian provinces of Deutschböhmen, Sudetenland, Böhmerwaldgau, and Südmähren and the government in Vienna. The Social Democratic State Chancellor Karl Renner, a native of southern Moravia, wanted to express his opposition to “the surrender of such important parts of
German territory to Czech foreign rule and the sacrifice of the right of self-determination of our nation.” The State Secretary Otto Bauer, also a Social Democrat, felt compelled to warn Prague to avoid a policy of spite and hostility, as the German nation with its 70 million people would
always surround Czech territory on the north, west, and south (sic!). However, the Czechoslovak Prime Minister Karel Kramář, head of the Czech National Democrats, characterized the issue as settled for both him and the Entente at the start of 1919: German Bohemia was “an unconditional part of the historical kingdom of Bohemia and the Sudetenland a part of the historical margravate
of Moravia.” He otherwise urged the Viennese government to come to terms with its role as a vanquished power and to stop “living as a rentier off the work of others".