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Попов Андрей
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Claus
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07.07.2003 22:19:50
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1936-1945 гг.;
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Re: Вопрос про...
Здравствуйте!
Если не искать, то вот раздел из USAAF handbook 39-45 M.Bowman:
Non-combat losses
These were as hard to endure as losses in combat. Aircraft accidents in Europe, for example, accounted for 1,806 deaths, or 65.9 per cent of the total number of deaths from disease and injury (2,734). Motor vehicle accidents accounted for 341, accidental explosions 125, firearm wounds 113, drowning 34, heart disease 34, suicide 24, and other causes 257 deaths.*
In the Pacific, the 5th AF labelled 16 April 1944 'Black Sunday' after 31 fighters, which were returning safely from an attack on the Tadji area, were fatally cut off from their home bases by a barrier of fog and cloud. In India-China, the black days occurred in the ATC on 6-8 January 1945, when a storm over the Himalayas caused the loss of nine transport aircraft.
Generally, if the mission was worth the cost, aircrews could endure the hazards. Bombs on canneries in the Kuriles, and endless neutralizing strikes against Marcus, Truk, Navru, Ponape and others did not inspire B-25 and B-24 crews of the 7th AF.
Certain aircraft gained the reputation for being 'killers' at certain times of their development or during combat tours. The B-26 Marauder was quite often referred to as the 'Widow Maker' or the 'Baltimore Whore' because 'it had no visible means of support' (a reference to its small wing area). At one time, all personnel in the 320th(M) BG, 9th AF, except the CO and his Executive, asked - either formally or informally - to escape from B-26 flying to a safer form. P-38 crashes in 1942 led to requests to transfer to bombers. During 1942-3 the B-24 had the sorry distinction of being the 2nd AF's
*Medical Support of the Army Air Forces in WWII, Mae Mills Link and Hubert A. Coleman (Office of the Surgeon General, USAF, Washington DC, 1955).
238 THE USAAF HANDBOOK 1939-1945
problem plane. In 1943 alone, 850 men were killed in 298 accidents. The 34th BG lost 7 B-24s and 43 crewmen in six weeks at Salinas, California.
The B-17 had the lowest accident rate of all US bombers and fighters operating in the US ZOI. In England the B-17 had a lower accident rate than the B-24, and B-24 accidents were also more serious. A six-month survey of bomber ditching in the ETO and MTO revealed that 22 per cent of B-17s broke up, compared to 62 per cent of B-24s, and 6 per cent of B-17 crews drowned, compared to 24 per cent of B-24 crews. Overall, 38 per cent of 8th AF B-17 crew members who ditched survived, compared to 27 per cent of B-24 crew members. One report in the US Strategic Bombing Survey concluded: 'the B-17 was a more efficient combat aircraft than the B-24 from a viewpoint of bombing accuracy, life of aircraft, tons dropped for each effective sortie, and losses'.
Увы, приведенная в этой книжке статистика по венерическим заболеваниям персонала USAAF выглядит гораздо подробнее.
С уважением, Попов Андрей.