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Роман Ш.
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04.02.2002 12:40:34
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Прочее;
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Почему Америка - не Россия. Американская статья (*)
"THE U.S. AS A COASTAL NATION"
http://www.kc.frb.org/publicat/reswkpap/pdf/rwp01-11.pdf
"Thus Smith laments the difficult preconditions for economic growth facing inland Africa and large parts of Russia, Siberia, and Central Asia. All the inland parts of Africa, and all that part of Asia which lies any considerable way north of the Black and Caspian Seas, the ancient Scythia, the modern Tartary and Siberia, seem in all ages of the world to have been in the same [economically undeveloped] state in which we find them at present. . . There are in Africa none of those great inlets . . . to carry maritime trade into the interior parts of that great continent. Smith’s observation on the role of access to navigable water still holds in the late twentieth century. Recent cross-country empirical research a.rms that the level and growth rate of per capita income continue to be strongly positively correlated with coastal proximity (Gallup and Sachs, 1998;
Rappaport 2000b)."