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13.11.2002 11:06:03
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Прочее; Современность;
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RBS-15
5 Images
OFFENSIVE WEAPONS, SWEDEN
Date Posted: 11 September 2002
Jane's Strategic Weapon Systems 38
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RBS-15
Type
Short-range, ship-, air- and ground-launched, turbojet-powered, single-warhead, surface-to-surface and air-to-surface missiles.
Development
The RBS-15 was developed as a new generation of anti-ship missiles suitable for use by naval vessels, coastal defence batteries and aircraft. It was clearly a development of the RB-04 and RB-08 missiles. Work started in 1979, when a development contract for a ship-launched version was placed with Saab Missiles (now Saab Bofors Dynamics), then in 1982 a further contract was placed for an air-to-surface version designated RBS-15F. The development contract for the coastal defence missile version, designated RBS-15K for the Swedish Coastal Artillery Force and RBS-15CD for export, was signed in 1986. The ship-launched version, RBS-15M, and the coastal defence version, RBS-15K, started a mid-life upgrade programme from 1995 to convert the missiles to a Mk 2 standard, with increased range and improvements to the mid-course guidance including the ability to turn 90º before the terminal phase. These upgrades included improved missile and fire-control system computers and software, to increase flexibility of target designation and acquisition as well as improving ECCM. An air-launched RBS-15F Mk 2 upgrade is planned to follow after the ship and coastal defence missile programme.
In 1995, design studies of a Mk 3 version were reported, with a more stealthy missile, highly manoeuvrable at high subsonic speed, and with a range in excess of 200 km. Development of the Mk 3 version continues, with three versions planned, for ship launch, ground launch and air launch.
In July 2000 an improved Mk 3 version was being proposed, with a low probability of intercept radar seeker, probably as part of a dual mode IIR/active radar seeker. This improved missile would also have GPS, a datalink, and a range increased to 400 km.
In 1996, it was reported that the possible launch of RBS-15 missiles to attack land targets from submarines was being investigated. The RBS-15 is fitted to missile corvettes of the `Stockholm' and `Göteborg' class with eight missiles in four twin-launch canisters, and to an experimental patrol craft. It is planned that the 'Visby' class corvettes will be fitted with eight missiles, to be launched from hatches on each side of the hull. Coastal defence missiles are fitted to wheeled truck TELs, carrying four missiles. The air-launched RBS-15F is cleared for carriage on AJ 37 Viggen and JAS 39 Gripen aircraft, with each aircraft capable of carrying two missiles.
Description
The RBS-15K Mk 1 coastal defence missile and the ship-launched RBS-15M versions are identical. They have four cruciform wings with ailerons for combined pitch and roll at the rear end, plus four canard fins at the nose for yaw control. There is a distinctive large engine air inlet located on the underside of the body just forward of the wings. The missile is 4.35 m long, 0.50 m in diameter and has a maximum unfolded wing span of 1.40 m (folded span is 0.85 m). Launch weight is 790 kg with the two jettisonable solid propellant booster motors. The sustainer motor used is a Microturbo TR 60-3 turbojet, which provides a cruising speed of M0.8 and weighs only 53 kg. The RBS-15 has a maximum range of 100 km and a minimum range believed to be 10 km. The missile itself weighs 598 kg with a 200 kg HE blast/fragmentation warhead. Mid-course guidance is by preprogrammed autopilot with an FM-CW radio altimeter for height control. Terminal guidance is provided by a 9GR 4000 monopulse X-band frequency-agile radar. The search pattern set depends upon the target data available, and the final lock on mode can also be preset either as an active or active/home-on-jam operation. The airborne RBS-15F Mk 1 missile is similar to the ground- and ship-launched versions, but does not have the two solid propellant boost motors.
The RBS-15K and -15M Mk 2 missiles have a weight increased to 630 kg without the boost motors fitted and 800 kg with boost motors. The range is increased to 150 km, and this version has improved digital electronics, an improved seeker and carries more fuel. A Microturbo TR60-2 turbojet with a weight of 60 kg provides a thrust of 350 to 450 daN. The maximum cruise altitude is 12 km. The radar and infra-red signatures have been reduced. A new insensitive HE semi-armour piercing warhead is fitted.
The RBS-15 Mk 3 missile system is expected to use a missile engagement planning system to automate raid planning and to allow for several missiles to attack from different directions with a co-ordinated time of arrival at the target. The size and weight are reported to be the same as for the Mk 2 missile. The range will be increased to over 200 km, and a new radar altimeter will allow cruise heights down to 1 to 3 m above the sea in the terminal phase. The active radar seeker will be upgraded to a monopulse high Ku-band (35 GHz) system. The missile will be able to fly overland, and to re-attack ship targets missed on the first pass. In the longer term the Mk 3 missiles may be given a land attack capability, including terrain comparison and GPS mid-course navigation updates, a command datalink capable of relaying back battle damage assessments, and a tandem hard target penetration warhead. In addition, the missile might carry its own flare decoys and radar jammer transmitter to assist in overcoming improved ship defences. Upgraded seeker options being considered include low probability of intercept radar, synthetic aperture radar, and a dual mode active radar/imaging IR seeker. The Mk 3 ship- and ground-launched missiles will be housed in a new canister, which has a length of 4.42 m, a width of 1.2m, a height of 0.95 m and an empty weight of 800 kg.
Operational status
The ship, air and coastal variants are in production. The RBS-15M version entered service with the Royal Swedish Navy in 1985, and the coastal variant RBS-15K with the Royal Swedish Coastal Artillery forces as the RB-08A replacement. The air-launched RBS-15F version entered service with the Royal Swedish Air Force in 1989. The ship-launched and coastal defence RBS-15 Mk 2 missile entered service in 1998, and there were two Mk 2 test launches made in 1997. The air-launched Mk 2 version is planned to enter service after 2000. Tests for the Mk 3 version started in 1997, with trials of the new radar altimeter in South Africa and a ground launch test of the new canister. The Mk 3 version started flight trials in 2000, and is expected to enter service in 2005.
The RBS-15CD has been exported to Finland, where it has been fitted to `Helsinki' and `Rauma' class fast attack craft. Some missiles were also exported to the former Yugoslavia as it is reported that Serbia and Montenegro have about 25 missiles. In addition, Croatia exhibited RBS-15 missiles in June 1995, with what are believed to be RBS-15M missiles mounted on specially adapted Tatra 815 6 × 6 trucks carrying four missile canisters. Croatia also has one `Kralj' type 400 class corvette and one `Koncar' type 240 class fast attack craft with four RBS-15 missiles each. It is believed that Croatia had around 100 missiles in 1995. Mk 3 missiles were selected by the German Navy in June 2001, to equip future K-130 class corvettes in a joint venture between Saab Bofors Dynamics and BGT. Also in June 2001, Finland placed a contract to upgrade its existing RBS-15CD missiles to an improved Mk 2 standard (known as SF3), and to increase their life by 15 years.
In August 2001, Poland ordered Mk 3 missiles to fit onto upgraded Orkan class (type 660) corvettes.
Specifications
Length: 4.35 m
Body diameter: 0.50 m
Launch weight: 790 kg (Mk 1), 800 kg (Mk 2) (including boost motors), and 598 kg (Mk 1), 630 kg (Mk 2) for the air-launched versions
Payload: Single warhead; 200 kg
Warhead: HE blast/fragmentation, semi-armour-piercing
Guidance: Inertial and active radar
Propulsion: Turbojet
Range: 100 km (Mk 1), 150 km (Mk 2)
Accuracy: n/k
Contractors
Saab Bofors Dynamics AB, Karlskoga.
Microturbo, Toulouse, France (turbojet).
UPDATED
A Royal Swedish Navy Spica 2 `Norrköping' class missile boat with four aft-mounted RBS-15 surface-to-surface missile canisters
An early ground trials launch of the Swedish RBS-15 surface-to-surface missile
An RBS-15F air-to-surface missile shown on the inner starboard wing pylon of a JAS 39 Gripen aircraft
A line diagram of the RBS-15 missile
An air-launched RBS-15F missile displayed at Farnborough in 1996 (Duncan Lennox)
(1999)
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© 2002 Jane's Information Group Duncan Lennox
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