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Skvortsov
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jazzist
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23.09.2020 19:27:52
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Рубрики
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WWII; ВВС;
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Читаем CHRIS BUCHOLTZ, "THUNDERBOLTS TRIUMPHANT"
>>Американская 9-я Воздушная армия использовала свои самолеты примерно таким же способом. Американцы летали на Р-51 и Р-47 «Тандерболтах».
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>не бомбили они с пикирования, такого как Штука или Пешка иди другие пикирующие бомбардировщики. у них пологое пикирование, на Тандерболте к тому же еще мотор цель закрывал. методичка для лётчика есть даже в сети штатовская на этот предмет. Обсуждалось уже тут.
While the Eighth Air Force fought a strategic war, the aviators of the Ninth Air Force—men in medium bombers and, especially, the P-47 fighter were tasked with taking the fight to German troops in the field.
The most remarkable of these P-47 units was the 362nd Fighter Group (FG), which flew against Germany from the beginning of 1944.
...the 362nd destroyed over 5,000 trucks, 350 tanks, 275 artillery pieces, 45 barges, 3,500 pieces of rolling stock, and 600 locomotives. The unit also destroyed almost 300 enemy planes (131 in the air, 162 on the ground).
….
March 19 brought something new to the 362nd: its first dive-bombing mission, striking
the airfield at Abbeville. The mission was hardly a success; with the 379th as top cover, the 377th couldn’t fi nd the target because of cloud cover and instead bombed the airfield at Burch-sur-Mer. The 378th failed to locate any targets and dumped their bombs on the beach south of Le Touquet. The next day, Abbeville was scheduled for a visit again. With the 368th FG providing top cover, two squadrons hit Abbeville and the third struck Poix. The numbers were supposed to have been reversed, but one squadron failed to find Poix because of cloud cover and attacked Abbeville instead.
“Upon reaching the airfield, each flight leader would roll over into a diving 60-degree, left turn of 90 degrees,” wrote Lt. Bob McKee. “While firing his guns, he would align his aircraft to drop its bombs, then pull up sharply after releasing them. Each pilot in the flight would follow the aircraft ahead, performing the same procedure, allowing a sufficiently safe distance between aircraft for him to fire his machine guns on the way down.”
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On April 14, the group provided withdrawal escort for bombers returning from
Schweinfurt. Later, word came of more than 70 Ju 87s parked on the airfield at Thionville, north of Metz. The group launched a dive-bombing mission loaded with 1,000-pounders, which put the Thunderbolts at the limit of their endurance. Navigation was difficult, but a break in the clouds enabled the group to find the field and drop their bombs, with the 378th providing high cover. Results were difficult to observe. Strafing was prohibited by Ninth Air Force, much to the men’s regret, but all aircraft returned safely from this mission.
…………..
On April 17, Lieutenant Colonel Magoffin was promoted to full colonel. Three days
later, the group launched a pair of dive-bombing missions on rail yards: Montignies-
sur-Sambre in the morning, led by Laughlin, and Haine-St.-Pierre in the afternoon,
led by Magoffin. During the 378th’s morning attack, six of the 11 bombs were seen to
hit within the yards. Later, during the 378th’s second attack, nine planes bombed the
engine sheds and the other four attacked the marshalling yards, then they strafed the
landing fi eld at Chièvres, where one P-47 was damaged by flak. The 379th’s mission
to Haine-St.-Pierre resulted in four hits on an engine shed. The rail tour continued on April 22, this time to Malines. The 378th used a variety of approaches and altitudes to throw off the flak gunners, scoring seven direct hits on the western-most engine shed. The 379th dived from 10,000 feet and pressed their releases to 2,500 feet, scoring six hits on another engine shed.
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On April 14, the group provided withdrawal escort for bombers returning from
Schweinfurt. Later, word came of more than 70 Ju 87s parked on the airfield at Thionville, north of Metz. The group launched a dive-bombing mission loaded with 1,000-pounders, which put the Thunderbolts at the limit of their endurance. Navigation was difficult, but a break in the clouds enabled the group to find the field and drop their bombs, with the 378th providing high cover. Results were difficult to observe. Strafing was prohibited by Ninth Air Force, much to the men’s regret, but all aircraft returned safely from this mission.
………
Attacking a train required a bit of technique, said Ashford. “You want to be fairly low so that your angle of dive on the train is quite low,” he recalled. “You don’t want to come down at a 45-degree angle because that means you have to start pulling out earlier so you don’t smash into the train, and if you’re coming down at a 45-degree angle it takes you more airspace to get that beast turned around,” so you had less time to shoot. “We inevitably took more of them from the side rather than going right down the track.”
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Как видим, использовалось либо пикирование под углом 60 градусов, либо штурмовка на бреющем под острыми углами.