Приветствую!
>>Вообще, когда сопоставляешь эти цифры, то сразу становится ясна экономическая политика, вернее ее полное отсутствие, нашего правительства. Хотя видно невооруженным взглядом, что через пару лет такого правления, Россия будет поставлять лишь нефть и газ.
>А откуда такой выод? Из предыдущего текста (о том, что Россия стала вторым поставщиком вооружений в мире) он как-то не следует.
Роль государства в этой "тонкой" и прибыльной сфере - координатора, заказчика перспективных разработок и их финансирование, продвижение экспорта в страны на острие межгосударственных отношений /как пример Франция/.
Есть ли подобное в России? Какая роль Рособоронэкспорта?
Позволю себе выдержку из Jane's Defence Weekly:
"Russian aerospace companies will be hit by a decline in Chinese sales. The majority of leading Russian defence companies export more than 90 per cent of their sales.
Russia's defence industry showed a slight increase in sales for 2004 compared to 2003 but an expected decline in aircraft sales is likely to hit the industry hard and could see a naval shipbuilder become Russia's leading defence company. The Centre for Analysis of Strategies and Technologies (CAST), a Moscow-based consultancy firm, said in its fifth annual rating of the Russian defence industry that 2004 saw sales of more than USD5.8 billion from the 10 leading companies, which was up on 2003's USD5.7 billion.
The top four companies were all aerospace operations. Sukhoi led the way with USD1.5 billion in 2004, the same as 2003 but up compared to USD1 billion in 2002, on the basis of sales of Su-30MK2 multirole fighter aircraft to China. Irkut Corporation reported sales of USD644 million, compared to USD502 million in 2003 and USD562 million in 2002, and once again this was through sales of Su-30MKs, specifically the Su-30MKI variant to India. Third was Aerospace Equipment Company, which deals largely with avionics, and fourth was Russian Aircraft Corporation (RSK) MiG with sales of USD427 million: almost quadruple its 2003 sales of USD110 million on the back of sales of MiG-29s to Yemen and Sudan.
Aerospace companies hold seven of the top 10 places but an expected decline in aircraft sales to China and a rise in sales of submarines to the same country is expected to see Admiralty Shipyards in St Petersburg take the top industry place, according to the CAST report.
Contrary to Russian expectations, China did not order successive batches of Su-30MK2 and Su-30MK3 fighters and the Chinese have also stopped the licensed production of Su-27SK aircraft. The company most affected will be the KnAAPO factory in Komsomolsk-on-Amur, a member of Sukhoi Holding, which has provided the Chinese aircraft. This will also entail a reduction of orders for the manufacturers of aircraft engines and avionics.
Russian defence firms continue to rely heavily on exports; on average by company 86 per cent of sales were exports with three of the six largest firms exporting over 92 per cent. The report contradicts statements by the Russian Ministry of Defence (MoD) saying there has been an increase in state orders. According to MoD data, orders placed in 2004 are comparable with the export orders: home orders amount to USD5 billion and exports to USD5.7 billion. Even more money was provided for purchase of armaments in the 2005 budget - almost USD7 billion - but in fact Sukhoi, Irkut and MiG obtained only small amounts of money for mid-life upgrades.
According to government officials, the blame for the confusion in figures rests with the ongoing process of reform. Until recently, the purchases were co-ordinated by the individual armed forces' services, but late in 2004 a single purchasing service was established within the MoD. Another possible explanation is that state orders are focused on the strategic and nuclear systems, such as the ground-launched SS-27 (Topol-M) and submarine-launched SS-NX-30 (Bulava) intercontinental ballistic missiles. The figures concerning these systems have not been included in the CAST rating.
RUSSIAN DEFENCE INDUSTRY LEADERS IN 2004
Company Military sales, Total sales, $ million Export sales, $ million
1 Sukhoi Holding 1469.1 1499.1 92
2 Irkut Corporation 624.5 643.8 92
3 Aerospace Equipment 444.2 583 75
4 Russian Aircraft Corporation MiG 403 427.4 89
5 Admiralty Shipyards 354.4 404.6 N/A
6 Ufa MPO 345.7 363.9 93
7 MMPP Salut 311.2 388.9 70
8 Baltiysky Zavod 303.2 335.4 93
9 Instrument Design Bureau 247.5 250 99
10 Tactical Missiles Corporation 216.6 234.7 73
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Практически все руководители наших ведущих предприятий оборонки говорят о недостаточном, по их мнению, финансировании отрасли и НИОКР по созданию конкурентоспособного вооружения завтрашнего дня.
Отсюда мой контекст. Рынок вооружений, ведь не велик. А стран поставщиков - довольно много. Упустишь - не догонишь, или с большими усилиями лишь.
>Если речь о сумме выручки за нефть и газ - так цены на них удвоились. Что же, не пользоваться этим, продавать по старым ценам?
Конечно не грех по новым ценам торговать и с нашими соседями даже. Вопрос - в использовании доп. моржи от удачной мировой коньюктуры экспорта в развитие промышленных отраслей экономики страны.
Успехов!
